Background:Oral health is a crucial indicator of overall health and well-being. Despite significant medical advancement, the majority of India's vulnerable populations still struggle with poor oral hygiene and oral health. Therefore, utilizing the World Health Organization's (WHO's) oral health self-assessment questionnaire, the current study investigated the oral health status of Nicobarese tribes on Andaman and Nicobar Island.Methods:A sample of individuals aged 18 and above participated in a household survey conducted among the Nicobarese tribes. Participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling strategy. The WHO's oral health questionnaire for adults was used to assess oral health status and hygiene behavior. The association between the factors was tested using a Chi-square test, adjusting for clustering effects.Results:About 18.4% of participants experienced oral or dental pain, with significant differences between age groups (P = 0.0001). Self-reported gum quality and dental health were both rated as good by 45.9% and 41.4%, respectively and were strongly correlated with literacy (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Over 90.0% of individuals reported daily teeth brushing, significantly higher in the younger age group (18-35 years) and for those with higher literacy (P = 0.0186). Drinking tea was associated with women, whereas smoking cigarettes, pipes, and tobacco were associated with men. Half of the participants believed their oral health was good, with only around 20% visiting the dentist. Oral health issues such as difficulty biting and chewing were closely linked to age and literacy, regardless of gender.Conclusion:Age and literacy are key factors correlated with oral health and cleanliness among the Nicobarese population. Despite perceiving their oral health as good, only a small portion of the population visited the dentist, with fewer visits as age increased. This is concerning as oral health issues tend to rise with age, especially among the elderly and illiterate population, potentially leading to adverse health outcomes.