Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterised by impairments in communication, social interaction, and behaviour. Increasing evidence suggests that maternal psychological stress during pregnancy can lead to neuroinflammation and disruption of neurotransmitter systems. This review aims to critically evaluate the potential role of yoga therapy in regulating neurotransmitter systems to mitigate ASD symptoms in children and reduce maternal psychological stress during pregnancy. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. The keywords used for the search included Yoga, pregnancy, maternal psychological stress, ASD, and foetal neurodevelopment in various permutations and combinations with neurotransmitters. The focus was on neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine, and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA), emphasising their roles in mood regulation, behaviour, and cognitive functions. The review found that yoga therapy modulates neurotransmitter systems by reducing stress and enhancing emotional regulation and cognitive function in the treatment of ASD. It also helps prevent the adverse effects of maternal psychological stress on foetal neurodevelopment during pregnancy.