Plants which are the major source of drugs in Indian system of medicine have the advantage of little or no side effect. In Ayurvedic system of medicine, Polyherbal formulations were frequently used to enhance the activity or counteract the toxic effect of compounds. The ulcer protective potential of Polyhebral formulation - RO7D was assessed in pyloric ligation (Shay) rat ulcer model and ethanol induced ulcer model in rats. The Polyherbal Formulation - RO7D consists of eleven medicinal plants namely Centella asiatica, Cassia auriculata, Cynadon dactylon, Rosa damascene, Myristica fragrans, Nelumbo nucifera, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Hemidesmus indicus, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Eclipta alba and Phyllanthus niruri. Aqueous extract of RO7D, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg administered intra-peritoneally as a single dose showed dose dependent ulcer protective effects in the pyloric ligation rat ulcer model and ethanol induced ulcer model in rats. The Polyherbal Formulation - RO7D exhibited (P<0.001) significant decrease in ulcer index in both the model and significant decrease in the gastric volume in pyloric ligation rat ulcer model. The study indicates that extract RO7D has anti-ulcer activity and its anti-ulcer potential may be due to anti -secretary and cyto -protective activity. © 2010 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.