This cross-sectional study assessed self-medication practices among urban fishermen in Puducherry. Among 18–60-year-old participants, 67% practiced self-medication, mostly using allopathic drugs for cough, cold, flu, headache, and myalgia. Socioeconomic status significantly influenced self-medication. Pharmacists were the main source of information (55.8%). Awareness and regulation are necessary to prevent risks associated with prolonged self-medication.